Melon Farming
II. GROWTH CONDITIONS2.1. ClimateKeep in full sun exposure during growth. At high humidity melon crop vulnerable to disease. The optimal temperature between 25-300C. The wind is blowing hard enough to damage the melon crop. Rain will continue to harm the plant melons. It grows well at an altitude of 300-900 m above sea level.
2.2. Growing MediaGood ground is sandy clay which contains organic materials such as andosol, latosol regosol, and grumosol, provided that lack of soil properties can be manipulated by liming, the addition of organic materials, and fertilizing. Melon plants do not like the ground is too wet, soil pH 5.8 to 7.2.
III. TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR RAISING3.1. Nurseries3.1.1. Making Media SemaiPrepare Natural GLIO: 1-2 Natural packaging GLIO mixed with 50-100 kg of manure to land 1000 m2. Next silenced + 1 week in the shade by always keeping the humidity and the occasional stirring (reversed).Mix the finely ground (sifted) 2 parts / 2 buckets (volume of 10 LT), ripe manure that has been finely sifted as much as 1 part / 1 bucket, TSP (± 50 g) was dissolved in 2 cap NASA POC, and Natural GLIO already bred in 1-2 kg of manure. Enter into a polybag seedlings media sizes up to 8x10 cm filled to 90%.
3.1.2. Seed sowing and maintenance techniquesSoak the seeds in 1 liter of warm water temperature 20-250C + 1 closed POC NASA for 8-12 hours and then brooded + 48 hours. Furthermore, sowing in polybags, as deep as 1 to 1.5 cm. Seeds planted in an upright position and the tip facing down roots candidate. Seeds covered with a mixture of rice husk ash and soil with a ratio of 2:1. The bag is placed row seedbed for full sunlight from sunrise to drown. Given a transparent plastic protection which one end is open.Spray POC NASA to spur the development of seeds, seedlings at the age of 7-9 days with a dose of 1.0 to 1.5 cc / liter. Watering is done by carefully regularly every morning.Melon seeds that are 4-5 leafy strands or melon plants were 10-12 days old can Transplanting polybags by plastic bag was opened carefully and the soil below seed planted in beds that have been drilled before, beds should not be short of water.
3.2. Media Processing Plant3.2.1. Land OpeningBefore the first hijacked flooded overnight, then the next day made piracy a depth of about 30 cm. Once it is done drying, the new refined.
3.2.2. Formation of bedsMaximum of 12-15 m long beds; beds 30-50 cm tall; 100-110 cm wide beds, and 55-65 cm wide moat.
3.2.3. CalcificationThe use of lime per 1000 m2 in soil pH 4-5 takes 150-200 kg of dolomite, to between pH 5-6 is required 75-150 kg of dolomite and pH> 6 is needed as much as 50 kg of dolomite.
3.2.4. Basic FertilizationFertilizer
Cage
(Tonnes / ha)
Fertilizer dose Macro
(G / plant)
NASA POC Dose
Urea
SP36
KCl
4-5
12
20
8
30-60 cap / 1000 m2
+ Water to taste (pour)
The result will be better if the basic fertilization, POC NASA NASA has replaced SUPER mixed water evenly over the beds with a dose of 1-2 m2 botol/1000 by:Alternative 1: 1 bottle SUPER NASA diluted in 3 liters of water used as mother liquor. Then every 50 liters of water were given 200 cc of mother liquor had to flush the beds.Alternative 2: every 1 gembor vol 10 lt given 1 tablespoon SUPER pressed NASA to flush + 10 meters of beds.
3.2.5. Providing Natural GLIOTo prevent fungal disease attacks mainly wilt disease, should scatter Natural GLIO which had been prepared before the seedbed. Dose of 1-2 packs per 1000 m2
3.2.6. Installation of Plastic Mulch Black-Silver (PHP)Installation of mulch should be at the blazing sun for mulch beds to expand so close properly. Leave the mulch covered beds made 3-5 days prior to the planting hole.
3.3. Planting Technique3.3.1. Hole Making Plant+ 10 cm diameter holes, hole distance of 60-80 cm. Models can be either two-row planting, face to face to form rectangles or triangles.
3.3.2. How PlantingSeedlings ready for planting was transferred along with the medium. Try not to damage plant roots while ripping polybags.
3.4. Plant Maintenance3.4.1. StitchingStitching done 3-5 days after planting. When finished stitching a new plant should be drenched with water. Should be done late afternoon stitching3.4.2. WeedingWeeding done to clean up weeds / weeds.3.4.3. Perempelan>Perempelan made to the bud / branch water is not the main branch.3.4.4. FertilizationLeft
Macro Fertilizer Dose (g / plant)
Urea
SP-36
KCl
Age 10 days
12
12
10
Age 20 days
12
12
10
Age 30 days
12
8
12
Age 40 days
12
8
20
NASA POC:
(Per ha)
From age 1 week - 6 or 7 weeks
NASA POC is sprayed into the plant:
* Alternative 1: 6-7 times (1-week interval) with a dose of 4 bottle / tank
* Alternative 2: 4 times (at intervals of 2 weeks) with dose of 6 bottle / tank
3.4.5. Usage HORMONIKHORMONIK Dose: 1-2 cc / lt of water or 1-2 3-5 closed closed HORMONIK + NASA POC each tank of spray. Spraying HORMONIK from the age of 3-11 weeks, 7 day intervals.
3.4.6. SprinklingWatering from the plant growth, to be picked fruit unless it rains. When watering not to wet the leaves and spray water from ground water not affected by leaf and fruit. Watering was done early in the morning.
3.4.7. Other Maintenancea. Marking InstallationMarking after the seedlings out tendril-sulurnya. High stake + 150-200 cm. Marker is made of strong materials that can withstand the load of fruit + 2-3 kg. Place ditancapkannya stake + 25 cm from the edge of both right and left guludan. To be able to add more robust marker of long bamboo shoots placed in the triangle between the bamboo or wooden crosses, following the line of marker-marker behind.b. PruningPrune in melon plants aim to maintain in accordance with the desired branch. Plant height was made on average between the 20 th point until the 25th (the section, branch or a book of these plants). Prune if sunny and dry air, so that the scars are not attacked by fungi. When pruning is done every 10 days, the earliest cut is a branch close to the ground and leaving two pieces of leaf, then the branches that grow trimmed with leaves 2 leaves. Pruning is stopped, if the height of the plants had reached the branch to the 20 or 25.
3.5. Pests and Diseases3.5.1. Pesta. Louse Aphis (Aphis gossypii Glover)Feature: has a liquid resin containing honey and viewed from a distance shiny. Young Aphis yellow, while the adults have wings and somewhat blackish in color. Symptoms: leaf roll plants, crop tops become dry due to fluid sucked leaf pests. Control: (1) weeds always cleaned so as not to be a host of pests, (2) spray PESTONA or Natural BVR.
b. Thrips (Thrips parvispinus Karny)Feature: attack phase when the seedling to mature plants. Yellowish nymphs and adults are blackish brown. The attack carried out in the dry season. Symptoms: young leaves or new shoots become curly, and yellow spots, curly, and stunted plants and fruit can not form normally. These symptoms to watch out for having contracted the virus that brought pest thrips. Control: spray with PESTONA or Natural BVR.
3.5.2. Diseasea. Bacterial WiltCause: bacteria Erwina tracheiphila E.F.Sm. This disease can be spread by intermediaries-Oteng Oteng leaf beetle (Aulacophora femoralis Motschulsky). Symptoms: The leaves and withered branches, shrinkage occurs in the leaves, leaf color yellow, dry up and eventually die; leaf wilting plants one by one, even though the color is still green. If the plant stem is cut crosswise will issue a white thick and sticky mucus can even be drawn like a thread. Control: the use of Natural GLIO before planting.
b. Stem Rot Disease Jetty (gummy stem bligt)Cause: Fungus Mycophaerekka melonis (Passerini), Chiu et Walker. Symptoms: The base of the stem like a submerged oil and then came out red-brown colored mucus and then plants wither and die, the leaves will dry attacked. Control: (1) the use of PHP to prevent moisture mulch around the base of the stem and prevent injuries in the roots and base of the stem because weeding, (2) cleaned the affected leaves. (3) use the Natural GLIO before planting as a precaution.
Note: If a pest control using natural pesticides can not cope with the recommended use of chemical pesticides. To be more evenly spraying of chemical pesticides and are not easily lost by rainwater add Adhesives Straighten AERO 810, dose + 5 ml (1 / 2 cap) / tank.
3.5.3. WeedsWeed (plant pests) harm plants, because nutrients compete, grow and light the place. Cancellation of the weeds must be done since the plants are still small, because if it would damage the roots of melon plants.
3.6. Harvest3.6.1. Characteristics and Harvest Timea. Signs / Feature Appearance Plants Ready to Harvest1. Fruit size in accordance with normal size2. Nets / Net on a very real fruit leather / rough3. Yellowish-green skin color.b. Harvest + 3 months after planting.c. Harvesting is a good time in the morning.
3.6.2. How to Harvesta. Cut the stem of melon with a knife, leaving at least 2.0 cm to extend the shelf life of fruit.b. Stalk-shaped cut the letter "T", ie for the fruit stalk intact.c. Harvesting is done in stages, with emphasis on fruits that have actually been ready for harvest.d. The fruit has been harvested sorted. Fruit damage due to knock / other physical disability, should be avoided because it will reduce the selling price.
3.6.3. StorageMelon should not be stacked, which has not been transported stored in the warehouse. Fruit arranged neatly with the coated straw dry. The storage should be clean and dry.
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