Coffee Cultivation

I. INTRODUCTIONCoffee Plant is a plant that is very familiar in their yards rural population in Indonesia. If this tremendous potential we can use commodity is not hard to make this a mainstay in the plantation sector. Just need a little technical touch cultivationappropriate, surely we are optimistic expectations into reality.
PT. Natural Nusantara trying to realize those expectations along with a package of technical guidance and products without forgetting the aspect of K-3 is the quantity, quality and sustainability that has become one of the conditions of competition in the era of globalization.
II. PREPARATION OF LAND- To land the mountains / tilt create terraces.- Reduce / add a fast growing shade trees approximately 1:4 to 1: 8 of the total coffee crop.- Prepare a mature manure as much as 25-50 kg, transmit Natural GLIO, let stand one week and make the planting holes 60 x 60, or 75 x 75 cm with a spacing of 2.5 x2, 5 to 2.75 x 2.75 m at least 2 months before planting
III. Nurseries- Prepare a quality seeds from trees that have been known production of breeder seed is usually reliable.- Create a box or bumbunan soil for seeding with a thick layer of sand about 5 cm.- Create a shield with a midrib or paranet with a gradual reduction if the seedlings have grown- Flush nursery with a routine by looking at soil wetness- Seeds will germinate approximately 1 month, select healthy seeds and do the transfer to polybags with hati2 for root does not end at the age of seedlings 2 -3 months after initial seeding- Add fertilizer NPK as basal fertilizer (see table) until the age of 12 months- Pour SUPERNASA dose of 1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water, take 250 ml per tree of the solution- After 4 month old seedlings, spray two NASA POC cap per tank once a month until the age of 7-9 months and ready for seed planting
Table Doses of Fertilizer For Coffee Seedlings

Age (mo)	gr/m2
	Urea	SP-36	KCl
3	10	5	5
5	20	10	10
7	30	15	15
9	40	20	20
12	50	25	25

Note: The type and dose of fertilizer according to soil type or local pertaniam official recommendation 
IV. PLANTING
- Enter the manure with the top soil mix when planting seeds.
- Try planting time has entered the rainy season.
- Do watering the soil after planting
- Avoid the risk of death of new crops from livestock disturbance.

V. Stitching
- Perform stitching immediately if the plant is dead or symptoms of abnormal growth.
- embroidery done early rainy season

VI. Sprinkling
Do watering if the ground is dry or dry season

VII. Fertilization of NPK-fertilization is given twice a year, the beginning and end of the rainy season.
- After fertilization should be watered.

The type and dose of fertilizer Macro appropriate table.
Jenis dan Dosis Pupuk Makro sesuai table.

Year	gr/Tree/Years
	Urea	SP-36	KCl
1	2 x 25	2 x 25	2 x 20
2	2 x 50	2 x 50	2 x 40
3	2 x 75	2 x 70	2 x 40
4	2 x 100	2 x 90	2 x 40
5 - 10	2 x 150	2 x 130	2 x 60
> 10	2 x 200	2 x 175	2 x 80

Note: The type and dose of fertilizer according to soil type or local pertaniam official recommendation
How fertilization made a small hole around the plant canopy width ¾ extent, fertilizer input and soil covered.It would be better SUPERNASA plus organic fertilizer dose of 1 bottle to ± 200 plants. 1 bottle SUPERNASA diluted in 2 liters (2000 ml) of water used as mother liquor. Then for every 1 liter of water was given 10 ml of mother liquor was for watering each tree or flush or kocorkan SUPERNASA 1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water once every 3-6 months.NASA POC Spray 3-4 1-2 HORMONIK cap + cap per tank every 1 monthVIII. PruningPerform regular pruning after the end of the harvest (cut weight) to adjust the shape of growth, reduce water bud branches (wiwilan), reduce evaporation and aims in order to form flowers, and repair the damaged plants.Pruning at the beginning or end of the rainy season after fertilization
IX. PEST AND DISEASE CONTROLA. H A M A1. Coffee fruit powder (Stephanoderes hampei) attacks on fruit storage or while still in the garden. Prevention with PESTONA or alternately BVR2. Branch borer brown and black (Cylobarus morigerus and Compactus) attacked twigs and branches. Prevention with PESTONA.3. Flea dompolan (Pseudococcus citri) attack flower buds, young fruit, twigs and young leaves, preventing use PESTONA, BVR or pentane. + AERO 810 alternately
B. DISEASE1. Leaf rust disease caused by Hemileia vastatrix, preventive spray Natural GLIO2. The fungus disease caused by Corticium salmonicolor Upas: Reduce moisture, scrape and apply preventive stem / twig with Natural GLIO + NASA POC3. Black root disease causes Rosellina bunodes and R. arcuata. Marked with yellow leaves, wilting, hang and fall. Natural preventive GLIO4. Brown root disease cause: Fomes lamaoensis or Phellinus lamaoensis preventive with Natural GLIO5. Brown spot disease on leaves by Cercospora cafeicola Berk et Cooke prevention with Natural GLIO6. Disease dead end on ranting.Penyebabnya Rhizoctonia. Preventive use GLIO Natural.
Note: If the control of pests and diseases with natural pesticides has not been overcome, as the last alternative could be to use chemical pesticides are recommended. For spraying is more evenly distributed and not easily lost by rain water add the adhesive wetting Straighten AERO 810 dose of 0.5 bottles per tank cap
X. P A N E NCoffee will be in production starting at the age of 2.5 years if well cared for and fruits have shown a red color that covers most of the plant, and carried out gradually over the period of fruit maturity.
XI. PROCESSING RESULTSTo be prepared first drying, peeling skin, and also storage of crops from being damaged due to post-harvest pests. Fruit crops must be processed a maximum of 20 hours after picking to get good results.
Cause Damage to Rice Coffee:1. Wrinkled seeds: origin of the fruit is still young2. Seed cavity: coffee powder attacked3. Seeds reddish: Lack of clean wash4. Seed rupture: parer less than perfect, coming from an infected fruit powder, when stripping the coffee machine is too dry.5. Seeds of rupture followed by color changes: the evaporator and separator machine with seeds less than perfect skin, fermentation in wet processing less than perfect.6. Seeds striped: drying is incomplete, too long storage, storage temperature is too moist.7. Seed Pale: for too long kept in the humid8. Seed-skinned ari: Drying is not perfect or too long, the initial temperature artificial drying is too low.9. Seeds black gray: the artificial drying temperature is too high.10. Dark brown spots: the artificial drying, the coffee is not often stirred / inverted.